In the mid-second century BC, the Jewish writer who authored a third book Oracula Sibyllina, speak to the "chosen nation", he said: "Every land is full of thee, as well as any ocean." Witnesses are very diverse, such as Strabo, Philo, Seneca, the author of Acts, and Josephus, all give testimony to the fact that the Jewish people scattered throughout the known world at that time.
King Agrippa I, in a letter to Caligula, mentioned among the provinces inhabited by the Jewish diaspora almost all countries and non-Hellenistic Hellenistic East. The mention of this at all is not complete, since Italy and Cyrene are not included. The discovery of epigraphy from year to year increased the number of Jewish communities are unknown. There is very little real information about how large Jewish communities are diverse, and this information should be treated with caution. After the Land of Israel and Babylon, according to Josephus the Jewish population in Syria are the most dense; especially in Antioch and then in Damascus.
In this Damascus, at the time of the great insurrection, 10,000 (according to a another version 18,000) Jews were massacred. Philo says that the number of Jews in Egypt reached 1,000,000 people; one-eighth of the entire population. Compared with other places, Alexandria is the most important Jewish communities. at the time of Philo, the Jewish people occupy two of the five parts of the city. Judging from the reports of the massacre at 115, the Jewish population in Kirenaika in Cyprus, and in Mesopotamia certainly too large.
In Rome, at the beginning of the reign of Emperor Augustus, there are more than 8,000 Jews. This is the amount that accompany the envoys who came to demand the overthrow of Archelaus. Finally, when the number of people who were arrested by the propraetor Flakus in the year 62 really represents didrakhma tax per head for a year, perhaps we can conclude safely that in Asia Minor the Jewish population numbered 45,000 men, or a total of at least least 180,000 people.
If these reports can be believed, it seems inevitable that the Jewish community that so many in areas such as Alexandria does not consist entirely of emigrants. Most likely most of them are people who convert to Judaism. Keep in mind that before the destruction of the Temple, the Jewish community of missionary activity. One well-known that being Jewish is Herod the Great, a Idumaea.
The destruction of Judea led a decisive influence on the spread of Jews throughout the world, because the worship center shifted from the Temple to the rabbinic authority.
Some Jews were sold as slaves or transported as a prisoner after the fall of Judea. Others joined the existing diaspora, while still others live in Judea and began to prepare the Palestinian Talmud. The Jews living in diaspora are generally accepted in the Roman Empire. But the rise of Christianity led to the emergence of various restrictions. Forced expulsions and persecution arise in international centers of Jewish life that is often sought by communities scattered far. The Jews were not always united, because of their deployment, which moved from Judea to Babylon to Spain to Poland to America and eventually returned to Israel.
In the Middle Ages, Jews were divided into several regional groups in the present is usually put into two large groups: Ashkenazi Jews (Jews of North and Eastern Europe) and Sefardim Jews (Jews of Spain, Mediterranean, and Middle East). These groupings incorporate parallel histories - the persecution and forced evictions that are equally experienced - which eventually culminated in the events of the 20th century that led to the formation of the State of Israel.
Between the destruction of Judea by the Roman Empire with the reestablishment of a Jewish state, namely Israel in 1948, all Jews were considered to be living in the Diaspora. Today, the term is used to refer to Jews living outside Israel.
Various exile and persecution as well as conditions and opportunities of political and economic influence the amount and dynamics of Jewish diaspora. In 2005, the largest number of Jews living in the United States (5.28 million), Former Soviet Union (1,000,000), France (494 000), Argentina (395 000) Canada (372 000), and United Kingdom (298 000). For comparison, the Jewish population in Israel (5.235 million) is greater than anywhere else except in the United States.
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